CIVIL ENGINEERING

PAPER- I
PART A :

ENGINEERING MECHANICS, STRENGTH OF MATERIALS AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
Engineering mechanics- Unit and Dimensions, SI Units , Vectors, concept of Force, Concept of particle and rigid body . Concurrent , Non Concurrent and parallel forces in a plane, moment of force and Varignon’s theorem, free body diagram, conditions of equilibrium, Principle of virtual work, equivalent force system.
First and Second Moment o tares, Mass moment of Inertia.
Static Friction , Inclined Plane and bearings , Kinematics and Kinetics :
Kinematics in Cartesian and polar Co- ordinates, motion under uniform and nonuniform acceleration , motion under gravity . Kinetics of particle; Momentum and Energy principles , D’ Alembert’s Principle , Collision of elastic bodies , rotation of rigid bodies , simple harmonic motion, Flywheel.
Strength of materials- Simple stress and Strain, Elastic constants , axially loaded compression members, Shear force and bending moment , theory of simple bending , Shear Stress distribution across cross sections, Beams of uniform strength, Leaf spring . Strain Energy in direct stress, bending & shear.
Deflection of beams : Mecaulay’s method’s Moment area method, Conjugate beam method , unit load method . Torsion of Shafts, Transmission of power ,close coiled helical springs, Elastic stability of columns, Euler’s Rankine’s and Secant formulae. Principle Stresses and Strains in two dimensions , Mohr’s Circle, Theories of Elastic Failure, Thin and Thick cylinder : Stresses due to internal and external pressure Lames’ equations..
Structural analysis- Castiglianio’s theorems I and II, unit load . method of consistent deformation applied to beams and pin jointed trusses. Slope-deflection , moment distribution , kani’s method of analysis and column Analogy method applied to indeterminate beams and rigid frames.
Rolling loads and Influences lines : Influences lines for Shear Force and Bending moment at a section of beam. Criteria for maximum shear force and bending Moment in beam traversed by a system of moving loads. Influences lines for simple supported plane pin jointed trusses.
Arches : Three hinged, two hinged and fixed arches, rib shortening and temperature effects , influence lines in arches.
Matrix method of analysis- Force method and displacement method of analysis of indeterminate beams and rigid frames.
Plastic Analysis of beams and frames : Theory of plastic bending, plastic analysis, statical method, Mechanism method.
Unsymmetrical bending : Moment of inertia , product of inertia, position of Neutral Axis and Principle axes, calculation of bending stresses.
PART- B : DESIGN OF STRUCTURES : STEEL, CONCRETE AND MASONRY STRUCTURES.
STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN :
Structural Steel – Factors of safety and load factors. Rivetted , bolted and welded joints and connections . Design of tension and compression member, beams of built up section, rivetted and welded plate girders, gantry girders, stancheons with battens and lacings , slab and gussetted column bases.
Design of highway and railway bridges : Through and deck type plate girder, Warren girder, Pratt truss.

Design of concrete and masonry structures- Concept of mix design. Reinforced Concrete : Working Stress and Limit State method of design- Recommendations of I.S. codes Design of one way and two way slabs , stair- case slabs. Simple and continuous beams of rectangular, T and L sections. Compression members under direct load with or without eccentricity, Isolated and combined footings. Cantilever and Counterfort type retaining walls.
Water-tanks : Design requirements for Rectangular and circular tanks resting on ground.
Prestressed concrete : Methods and systems of prestressing, anchorages, Analysis and design of sections for flexure based on working stress, loss of prestress.
Design of brick masonry as per I.S. Codes design of masonry retaining walls.

PART-C : FLUID MECHANICS, OPEN CHANNEL , FLOW AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES
Fluid Mechanics – Fluid properties and their role in fluid motion, fluid statics including forces acting on plane and curve surfaces.
Kinematics and Dynamics of Fluid flow : Velocity and accelerations , stream lines, equation of continuity, irrotational and rotational flow, velocity potential and stream functions, flownet , methods of drawing flownet ,sources and sinjs , flov separation, frde and fnrced vorticds.
Bontrol volume equation, continuity , momentum, energy and moment of momentum equation from control volume equation , Navier-Stokes equation , Euler’s equation of motion, application to fluid flow problems, pipe flow , plane, curved , stationary and moving vanes, sluice gates, weirs, orifice meters and Venturi meters.
Dimensional Analysis and Similitude- Buckingham’s Pi-theorem, dimensionless parameters , similitude theory, model laws, undistorted and distorted models.
Laminar Flow- Laminar flow between parallel, stationary and moving plates, flow through tube.
Boundary layer- Laminar and turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate, laminar sublayer, smooth and rough boundaries , drag and lift.
Torbulent flow through pipes : Characteristics of turbulent flow, velocity distribution and variation of pipe friction factor, hydraulic grade line and total energy line, siphons , expansion and contractions in pipes, pipe network , water hammer in pipes and surge tanks.
Open channel flow- Tnifnrm and non-Tnifnrm flowr, mnmentum `nd energy correction factors, specific energy and specific force, critical depth, resistance equations and variation of roughness coefficient , rapidly varied flow , flow in contractions, flow at sudden drop, hydraulic jump and its applications surges and waves , gradually varied flow, classification of surface profiles , control section, step method of integration of varied flow equation , moving surges and hydraulic bore.
Hydraulic Machines and Hydropower-
Centrifugal pumps- Types, characteristics, Net Positive Suction Height (NPSH) , specifhc rpeed, Ptlps hn parallel.
Reciprocating pumps , Airvessels., Hydraulic ram, efficiency parameters, Rotary and positive displacement pumps, diaphragm and jet pumps.
Hydraulic turbines , types classification, Choice of turbines , performance parameters, controls, characteristics, specific speed.
Principles of hydropower development. Type, layouts and Component works. Surge tanks, types and choice . Flow duration curves and dependable flow. Storage an pondage. Pumped plants. Special features of mini, micro- hydel plants.
PART-D : GEO- TECHNICAL ENGINEERING
Types of soil, phase relationships , consistency limits particles size distribution , classifications of soil, structures and clay mineralogy .
Capillary water and structural water , effectives trees and pore water pressure , Darcy’s Law factors affecting permeability , determination of permeability , permeability of stratified soil deposits.
Seepage pressure , quick sand condition , compressibility and consolidation, Terzaghi’s theory of one dimensional consnlid`tion ,cnnsolhdathon test.
Cnlpabtion of roil, fhdld bontrol of compaction . Total stress and effective stress parameters, pore pressure coefficients.
Shear strength of soil , Mohr Coulomb failure theory , Shear tests.
Earth pressure at rest , active and passive pressures, Rankine’s theory, Coulomb’s wedge theory , earth pressure on retaining wall, sheetpile walls , Braced excavation.
Bearing capacity, Terzaghi and other hmportant , net `nd frosr be`rinf prdssure.
Immediate and consolidation settlement.
Stability of slope . Total Stress and Effective Stress methods, Conventional methods of slices , stability number.
Subsurface exploration , methods of boring , sampling, penetration tests, pressure meter tests.
Essential features of foundation, types of foundation , design criteria, choice of type of foundation, stress distribution in soils, Boussinessq’s theory, Newmarks’s chart , pressure bulb, contact pressure , applicability of different bearing capacity theories , evaluation of bearing capacity frol fhdld testr allow`ble bearhng bap`bitx . Rdttldment an`lyrhs , allowable settlement.
Proportioning of footing , isolated and combined footings , rafts, buoyancy rafts , pile foundation , type of piles, pile capacity , static and dynamic analysis , design of pile groups , pile load test, settlement of piles, lateral capacity . Foundation for Bridges. Ground Improvement techniques preloading, sand drains , stone column, grouting ,soil stabilization.
PAPER- II
PART-A : CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY , EQUIPMENT , PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
Construction Technology :
Engineering Materials- Physical properties nf construction materials : Stones, Bricks and Tiles ; Lime, Cement and Surkhi Mortars : Lime Concrete and Cement Concrete ,Properties of freshly mixed and hardened concrete, Flooring Tiles , use of ferso- cement- reinforced and polymer concrete. High strength concrete and light weight concrete. Timber : Properties and uses; defects in timber-seasoning and preservation of timber. Plastics, rubber and damp-proofing materials, termite proofing Materials, for Low cost housing.
1.Costruction- Building components and their functions;
Brick masonry : Bonds, jointing . Stone masonry . Design of Brick masonry walls as per I.S codes , factors of safety , serviceability and strength requirements; plastering , pointing . Types of Floors & Roofs. Ventilators, Repairs in buildings.
Functional planning of building : Building orientation, circulation, grouping of areas, privaby concept and design of energy efficient building ; provisions of National Building code. Building code . Building estimates and specifications; Cost of works; valuation.
2.Construction Equipment- Standard and special types of equipment , Preventive maintenance and repair , factors affecting the selection of equipment , economical life , time and motion study , capital and maintenance cost.
Concreting equipments- Weight batcher, mixer, vibration, batching plant, Concrete pump.
Earth- work equipment- Power shovel hoe, bulldozer ,dumper, trailors, and tractors, rollers, sheep foot roller.
3. Construction Planning and Management- Construction activity, schedules, job layout , bar charts. Organization of contracting firms, project control and supervision . Cost reduction measures.
Network analysis- CPM and PERT analysis , Float Times, cashing of activities , contraction of network for cost optimization , updating , Cost analysis and resource allocation.
Elements of Engineering Economics , methods of appraisal , present worth, annual cost, benefit- cost , incremental analysis , Economy of scale and size. Choosing between alternatives including levels of investments. Project profitability.
PART-B : SURVEY AND TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
Survey- Common methods of distance and angle measurements , plane table survey, leveling traverse survey, triangulation survey, corrections, and adjustments , contouring , topographical map. Surveying instruments for above purposes . Technometry , Circular and transition curves. Principles of photogrammetry.
Railways- Permanent way, sleepers r`hl f`stdninfr , ball`st , pnhntr and crnrsinfs , derhgn nf ttrn outs , stations and yards , turntables, signals, and interlocking ,level- crossing. Construction and maintenance of permanent ways : Superelevation , creep of rail , ruling gradient , track resistance, tractive effort, relaying of track.
Highway Engineering- Principles of highway planning ,Highway alignments. Geometrical design : Cross section , camber, superelevation, horizontal and vertical curves. classification of roads : low cost roads , flexible pavements rigid pavements . Design of pavements and their construction , evaluation of pavement failure and strengthening .
Drainage of roads : Surface and sub – surface drainage.
Traffic Engineering- Forecasting techniques, origin and destination survey, , highway capacity. Channelised and unchannelisd intersections, rotary design elements markings, sign , signals, sureet lighting ; Traffic surveys . Principle of highway financing .
PART- C : HYDROLOGY , WATER RESOURCES AND ENGINEERING
Hydrology- Hydrological cycle, precipitation, evaporation , transpiration , depression storage, infiltration, overland flow, hydrograph, flood frequency analysis , flood estimation , flood routing through a reservoir, channel flow routing- Muskingam method .
Ground water flow- Specific yield, storage coefficient, coefficient of permeability , confined and unconfined equifers , aquifers , aquitards , radial flow into a well under confined and unconfined conditions , tube wells , pumping and recuperation tests ,ground water potential.
Water Resources Engineering – Ground and surface water resource, single and multipurpose projects, storage capacity of reservoirs , reservoir losses, reservoir sedimentation , economics of water resources projects.
Irrigation Engineering- Water requirements of crops: consumptive use, quality of water for irrigation , duty and delta, irrigation methods and their efficiencies.
Canals- Distribution system for canal irrigation , canal capacity ,canal losses, alignment of main and dhrtrhbutnry b`nalr mnrt dffibhent sebtion, lhned ban`ls , their design, regime theory, critical shear ,bed load , local and suspended load transport , cost analysis of lined and unlied canals drainage behind lining.
Water logging- Causes and control , drainage system design, salinity.
Canal structures- Design of cross regulators , head regulators , canal falls, aqueducts , metering flumes and canal outlets.
Diversion head work : Principles and design of weirs of permeable and impermeable foundation , Khosla’s theory, energy dissipation , stilling basin, sediment excluders.
Storage works- Type of dams, design, principles of rigid gravity and earth dams, stability analysis , foundation treatment , joints and galleries, control of seepage.
Spillways- Spillway types, crest gates, energy dissipation.
River training- Objectives of river training ,methods of river training.
PART- D : ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
Water Supply- Estimation of surface and sub- surface water resources, predicting demand for water , impurities nf water and their significance, physical, chemical and bacteriological analysis waterborne diseases, standards for potable water.
Intake of water- Pumping and gravity schemes. Water treatment : principle of coagulation ,flocculation and sedimentation ; slow; rapid-, pressure , filters; chlorination, softening , removal of taste , odour and salinity.
Water storage and distribution- Storage and balancing reservoirs : types , location and capacity . Distribution system : layout , hydraulics of pipe lines, pipes fittings , values including check and pressure reducing values, meters, analysis of distribution system, leak detection , maintenance of distribution systems, pumping stations and their operations.
Sewerage systems- Domestic and industrial wastes, storm sew age-separate and combined systems , flow through sewers, design of sewers, sewer appurtenances , manholes, inlets, junctions , siphon, Plumbing in public buildings.
Sewage characterization – BOD, COD, solids, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC, Standards of disposal in normal water course and on land.
Sewage treatment- Working principles , units , chambers, sedimentation tanks, trickling fillers, oxidation ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank, disposal of sludge, recyling of waste water.
Solid waste- Collection and disposal in rural and urban contexts. Management of long-term ill-effects.Environmental pollution- Sustainable development. Radioactive wastes and disposal . Environmental impact assessment for thermal power plants, mines, river valley projects. Air pollution. Pollution control acts.