MALAYALAM

PAPER-I
Answers must be written in Malayalam
Section-A
Unit 1 Early phase of Malayalam Language:
1.1 Various theories : origin from proto Dravidian , Tamil Sanskrit.
1.2 Relation between Tamil and Malyalam : Six nayas of A.R. Rajarajavarma.
1.3 Pattu school – definition , Ramacharitam , later pattu works – Niranam works and Krishnagatha.
Unit 2- Linguistic features of :
2.1 Manipravalam- definition Language of early manipravala works – Champu, Sandesakavya, Chandrotsava, minor works, Later Manipravala works – medieval Champu and Attakkatha.
2.2 Folklore – Southern and Northern ballads, Mappila songs.
2.3 Early Malayalam prose- Bhashakautaliyam, Brahmandapuranam, Attaprakaram, Kramadipika and nambian- tamil.
Unit 3- Satandardisation of Malayalam :
3.1 Peculiarities of the language of Pana , Kilippattu and Tullal.
3.2 Contributions of indigenous and European missionaries to Malayalam.
3.3 Characteristics of contemporary Malayalam : Malayalam as administravie language. Language of scientific and technical literature- media language.
Section-B
Literary History
Unit 4- Ancient and Medheval Literature :
4.1 Pattu – Ramacharitam, Niranam works and Krishnagatha.
4.2 Manipravalam- early and medieval manipravala works including attakkatha and champu.
4.3 Folk literature .
4.4 Kilippattu, Tullal and mahakavya.
Unit 5- Modern Literature – Poetry
5.1 Venmani poets and contemporaries.
5.2 The advent of Romanticism Poetry of Kavitraya i.e. Asan, Ulloor and Vallathol
5.3 Poetry after Kavtraya.
5.4 Modernism in Malayalam poetry.
Unit 6- Modern Literature – Prose
6.1 Drama
6.2 Novel
6.3 Short story
6.4 Biography , travelogue , essay and criticiam.
PAPER-II
Answers must be written in Malayalam
This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed and is designed to test candidate’s critical ability.
Section –A
Unit-1
1.1 Ramacharitam- Patalam 1.
1.2 Kannassaramayanam- Balakandam first 25 stanzas.
1.3 Unnunilisandesam- Purvabhagam 25 slokas including Prastavana
1.4 Mahabharatham Kilippattu- Bhishmaparvam..
Unit-2
2.1 Kumaran Asan – Chintavisthayaya Sita.
2.2 Vailoppolli- Kutiyozhikkal.
2.3 G. Sankara Kurup- Perunthachan.
2.4 N. V. Krishna Variar- Tivandiyile Patte.
Unit-3
3.1 ONV- Bhumikkoru Charamagitam
3.2 Ayyappa Panicker – Kurukshetram.
3.3Akkitteam- Pandathe Messanthi
Attur Ravivaram- Megharupan.
Section-B
Unit-4
4.1 O. Chanthu Menon- Indulekha
4.2 Thakazhy – Chemmin.
4.3 O.V. Vijayan- Khasakkinte Ithihasam.
Unit- 5
5.1 M.t.Vasudevan Nair- Vanaprastham (Collection)
5.2 N.S. Madhavan- Higvitta (Collection)
5.3 C.J.Thomas – 1128-il Crime 27
Unit-6
6.1 Kuttikrishna marar- Bharataparyatanam
6.2 M.K. Sanu- Nakshatrangalute Snehabhajanam
6.3 V.T. Bhattathirippad – Kannirum Kinavum.